Are We Voting Again for President

Electoral Higher Fast Facts

Established in Article II, Section 1 of the U.Southward. Constitution, the Electoral Higher is the formal trunk which elects the President and Vice President of the United States. Each state has as many "electors" in the Electoral Higher as it has Representatives and Senators in the United States Congress, and the District of Columbia has three electors. When voters get to the polls in a Presidential election, they actually vote for the slate of electors who have vowed to cast their ballots for that ticket in the Electoral College.

Electors

Near states require that all electoral votes go to the candidate who receives the most votes in that state. Later state election officials certify the popular vote of each state, the winning slate of electors meet in the country capital and bandage 2 ballots—one for Vice President and one for President. Electors cannot vote for a Presidential and Vice Presidential candidate who both hail from an elector'southward home state. For instance, if both candidates come from New York, New York'southward electors may vote for one of the candidates, but not both. In this hypothetical scenario, however, Delaware'southward electors may vote for both New York candidates. This requirement is a holdover from early American history when one of the country's major political fault lines divided big states from small states. The founders hoped this rule would prevent the largest states from dominating presidential elections.

/tiles/non-collection/i/i_electoralcollege_electoralcontestprint_2005_218_008-2.xml Collection of the U.South. House of Representatives
Near this object The contested 1876 Presidential election brought Senators, and the electoral certificates under investigation, into the Firm Sleeping room.

• Maine and Nebraska employ a "district system" in which 2 at-large electors vote for the winner of the state's pop vote and one elector votes for the popular winner in each congressional district.

Although it is not unconstitutional for electors to vote for someone other than those to whom they pledged their support, many states, equally well equally the Commune of Columbia, "bind" electors to their candidate using oaths and fines. During the nineteenth century, "faithless electors"—those who broke their pledge and voted for someone else—were rare, but not uncommon, particularly when it came to Vice Presidents. In the modern era, faithless electors are rarer still, and have never determined the issue of a presidential election.

• In that location has been one faithless elector in each of the post-obit elections: 1948, 1956, 1960, 1968, 1972, 1976, and 1988. A blank election was cast in 2000. In 2016, 7 electors broke with their state on the presidential ballot and half dozen did so on the vice presidential ballot.

Procedure

/tiles/not-drove/i/i_electoral_college_frankleslies_electoralvote1881_2007_292_002-1.xml Collection of the U.Due south. House of Representatives
Virtually this object In the 1880 presidential election, James Garfield narrowly won the popular vote only swept the Electoral College in the Midwest and Northeast.

Since the mid-20th century, Congress has met in a Joint Session every four years on January vi at 1:00 p.m. to tally votes in the Electoral College. The sitting Vice President presides over the meeting and opens the votes from each state in alphabetical gild. He passes the votes to four tellers—2 from the House and two from the Senate—who denote the results. House tellers include one Representative from each party and are appointed by the Speaker. At the stop of the count, the Vice President then announces the name of the next President.

• With the ratification of the Twentieth Subpoena to the Constitution (and starting with the 75th Congress in 1937), the balloter votes are counted before the newly sworn-in Congress, elected the previous November.
• The date of the count was changed in 1957, 1985, 1989, 1997, 2009, and 2013. Sitting Vice Presidents John C. Breckinridge (1861), Richard Nixon (1961), and Al Gore (2001) all appear that they had lost their own bid for the Presidency.

Objections

/tiles/not-collection/i/i_electoral_college_electoralcount1913_2008_069_000_1.xml Collection of the U.S. Firm of Representatives
Nigh this object The House and Senate met in a Joint Session on February 12, 1913, to count Balloter College votes for the 1912 presidential ballot.

Since 1887, three UsaC. 15 has set the method for objections by Members of Congress to balloter votes. During the Joint Session, lawmakers may object to individual electoral votes or to state returns as a whole. An objection must be declared in writing and signed by at to the lowest degree one Representative and one Senator. In the instance of an objection, the Joint Session recesses and each chamber considers the objection separately for no more than two hours; each Member may speak for five minutes or less. After each house votes on whether to take the objection, the Joint Session reconvenes and both chambers disclose their decisions. If both chambers agree to the objection, the electoral votes in question are not counted. If either bedchamber opposes the objection, the votes are counted.

• Objections to the Electoral College votes were recorded in 1969, 2005, and 2021. In all cases, the Firm and Senate rejected the objections and the votes in question were counted.

Amending the Process

Originally, the Electoral College provided the Ramble Convention with a compromise between two principal proposals: the popular election of the President and the election of the President by Congress.

/tiles/non-drove/i/i_electoral_college_photo_1953_hc_2008_130_30.xml Drove of the U.S. House of Representatives
Near this object The 1953 balloter vote count declared Dwight D. Eisenhower the winner.

• Prior to 1804, electors made no distinction between candidates when voting for president and vice president; the candidate with the bulk of votes became President and the candidate with the 2d-most votes became Vice President. The 12th Subpoena—proposed in 1803 and ratified in 1804—changed that original process, requiring electors to separate their votes and announce who they voted for equally President and Vice President. See Electoral College and Indecisive Elections for more information.
• The Commune of Columbia has had 3 electors since the Xx-third Subpoena was ratified in 1961.

There have been other attempts to change the arrangement, specially after cases in which a candidate wins the popular vote, but loses in the Electoral College.

• Five times a candidate has won the pop vote and lost the election. Andrew Jackson in 1824 (to John Quincy Adams); Samuel Tilden in 1876 (to Rutherford B. Hayes); Grover Cleveland in 1888 (to Benjamin Harrison); Al Gore in 2000 (to George W. Bush); Hillary Clinton in 2016 (to Donald J. Trump).

The closest Congress has come to alteration the Electoral College since 1804 was during the 91st Congress (1969–1971) when the House passed H.J. Res. 681 which would have eliminated the Electoral College altogether and replaced it with the straight ballot of a President and Vice President (and a run off if no candidate received more than 40 percentage of the vote). The resolution cleared the House 338 to 70, merely failed to pass the Senate.

Contingent Elections

In the case of an Electoral College deadlock or if no candidate receives the bulk of votes, a "contingent election" is held. The ballot of the President goes to the House of Representatives. Each state delegation casts a single vote for one of the top iii contenders from the initial election to determine a winner.

• But two Presidential elections (1800 and 1824) have been decided in the House.
• Though not officially a contingent election, in 1876, South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana submitted certificates of elections for both candidates. A bipartisan commission of Representatives, Senators, and Supreme Court Justices, reviewed the ballots and awarded all three country's electoral votes to Rutherford B. Hayes of Ohio, who won the presidency by a single electoral vote.
• See Electoral College and Indecisive Elections for more information on Contingent Elections.

/tiles/non-drove/i/i2_electoral_college_pass_hc_2007_203_00.xml Collection of the U.S. Business firm of Representatives
Well-nigh this object This laissez passer for the Balloter Higher's 1937 vote count was used again the same solar day for the President's annual message.

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Source: https://history.house.gov/Institution/Electoral-College/Electoral-College/

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